This case was the first to be decided by Marshall, the new chief justice. After Madison was ordered by Adams to not deliver Marbury's commissions, Marbury sued because he wanted the right to his commission. Marshall had ruled that Marbury had this right because it was part of the Judiciary Act of 1789; however Marshall said that the Act itself was unconstitutional and Marbury could not be given his commission.
This later led Marshall to establish the doctrine of judicial review, which stated that the Supreme Court had the last word on the question of unconstitutionality.
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